Grapevine genome sequencing. Multipipette adding DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) samples to gel electrophoresis equipment. This technique is used to separate nucleotide bases from DNA fragments. The bases are separated in sequence, giving a map of the organism's genome, in this case the Pinot Noir grape (Vitis sp.). Once the DNA fragments are added to the gel an electric current is applied to it. The nucleotides move down the gel according to their size. After the process has run the bases appear as bands on the gel. The sequences of bases make up genes, which encode an organism's genetic information. Photographed at the Agricultural Institute of San Michelle all'Adige, Trento, Italy.