Cerebral cortex nerve cells. Confocal light micrograph of neurons (nerve cells, red) and glial cells (support cells, gold) from the cerebral cortex. Cell nuclei, which contain each cell's genetic information, are blue. Neurons are responsible for passing information around the central nervous system (CNS) and from the CNS to the rest of the body. Glial cells provide structural support and protection for neurons and also supply them with nutrients and oxygen. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher functions such as memory, thought and intellect.