Treehoppers (Hypsoprora sp.) on a leaf. Treehoppers (family Membracidae) are insects whose bodies often take on bizarre forms thought to aid in camouflage. They are related to cicadas and leafhoppers. There are over 3,000 known species in over 600 genera, found on all continents except Antarctica. This species' colourful outgrowth breaks off when caught allowing the insect to escape. Photographed in South America.