Ernest Henry Shackleton (1874-1922), Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer. Shackleton was born in County Kildare, Ireland, and served as a junior officer on Captain Scott's 1901 National Antarctic Expedition. In 1909 he led his own expedition to Antarctica, nearly reaching the South Pole and climbing Mount Erebus, the world's southernmost active volcano. In 1915 his ship the Endurance was crushed by ice in the Weddell Sea; with five of his crew he rowed 1300 kilometres in a lifeboat to the island of South Georgia to bring relief. Shackleton died on board ship during a fourth expedition to Antarctica. Artwork by the Vanity Fair artist Kite, published in 1909.