Afghanistan. Satellite image of Afghanistan (border shown in yellow), a land-locked country in central Asia. It is bordered in the north by Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, by Pakistan in the south and east and by Iran in the west. In the northeast of the country are the Hindu Kush mountains (white area), reaching a height of 7485 metres. Whilst the north of Afghanistan is largely mountainous, the south of the country if desert. Composite image from Landsat 5 and 7 satellites.