Edme Felix Alfred Vulpian (1826-1887), French neurologist. Vulpian was born and educated in Paris. His doctoral thesis (1853) was on the origin of cranial nerves III to X. He taught and researched neurophysiology, and in 1862 took over the running of the Salpetriere mental hospital with fellow neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot. In 1867, Vulpian was appointed professor of pathological anatomy at the faculty of medicine and, in 1872, took the chair of experimental and comparative anatomy. Vulpian discovered the chromaffin system of the adrenal gland, and studied the action of drugs such as curare, strychnine and nicotine. Photographed circa 1875.