Rectal adenoma protruding (prolapsed) through the anus of a female patient. The adenoma (lumpy area at lower centre) is a group of benign polyps (growths) on the lining of the last part of the large intestine. Although benign (non-cancerous), polyps such as these may cause problems by blocking the passage of faeces through the intestine. Prolapse causes pain and bleeding and can lead to infection. Treatment is with surgery. Adenoma polyps are often removed as there is a chance that they may turn cancerous.