Neural network. Conceptual computer artwork of several neuron-like structures forming a neural network against a background of a circuit board. Neurons are responsible for passing information around the central nervous system (CNS, brain and spinal cord) and from the CNS to the rest of the body. This information is transmitted as electrical impulses (yellow flashes). A nerve cell comprises a central nerve cell body surrounded by numerous extensions. Most of these are dendrites, which collect incoming information. Each neuron also has an extension called an axon, through which information passes outwards. Dendrites and axons meet at junctions known as synapses. Circuit boards use copper wires to form similar networks.