Anthony Ashley-Cooper (1801-1885), British politician, philanthropist, and social reformer. Known as Lord Ashley, he succeeded his father in 1851 as the 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. From then until his death he was known as Lord Shaftesbury. He worked on reform of lunacy laws (Lunacy Act 1845, County Asylums Act 1845), factory working hours (Ten Hours Act 1833), mining regulations (Mines and Collieries Act 1842), and chimney sweeps (Chimney Sweepers Act 1875). He also worked on education reform and Jewish Restorationism (restoring Jews to the Holy Land). As well as social activism, he was also a philanthropist, donating much money to good causes.