Native American cliff dwellings. Long House cliff dwelling in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado, USA. This UNESCO World Heritage Site features over 4000 archaeological sites and 600 cliff dwellings of Ancestral Puebloans that are nearly a thousand years old. The Ancient Pueblo people were an ancient Native American culture that lived in a range of structures, including pit houses and cliff dwellings, designed so that they could lift entry ladders during enemy attacks.