Editorial use only Kelsey testifying at Senate inquiry into thalidomide, 1962. Canadian-US pharmacologist and physician Frances Oldham Kelsey (1914-2015) worked for the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). She denied the 1960 application for approval of the drug thalidomide, which was later found to cause serious birth defects. Kelsey was lauded for her stance, and she was awarded the President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service in 1962. She testified at the US Senate inquiry on regulatory controls for drugs. Later awards included her induction into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 2000, and being made a member of the Order of Canada (2015). The Frances O. Kelsey Drug Safety Excellence Award was established in 2010 in her honour. Photographed on 1 August 1962 by Marion S. Trikosko.