Samuel Latham Mitchill (1764-1831) was an American physician, naturalist, and politician from New York. Mitchill taught chemistry, botany, and natural history at Columbia College and he was a founding editor of The Medical Repository, the first medical journal in the United States. At Columbia Mitchill lectured on botany, zoology, and mineralogy, and he collected, identified, and classified many plants and animals, particularly aquatic organisms.