Heinrich Christian Schumacher (September 3, 1780 - December 28, 1850) was a German-Danish astronomer. In 1810, he became adjunct professor of astronomy in Copenhagen. He directed the Mannheim observatory from 1813 to 1815, and then became professor of astronomy in Copenhagen. From 1817 he directed the triangulation of Holstein, to which a few years later was added a complete geodetic survey of Denmark (finished after his death). For the sake of the survey, an observatory was established at Altona, and Schumacher resided there permanently. In 1822 he published tables of the distances of Jupiter, Saturn, Mars, and Venus from the moon. In 1827 he was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He died in 1850 at the age of 70.