Elizabeth C. Crosby (1888-1983) was an American neuroanatomist, an authority on the anatomy of the brain. Crosby received the National Medal of Science from President Jimmy Carter in 1979 "for outstanding contributions to comparative and human neuroanatomy and for the synthesis and transmission of knowledge of the entire nervous system of the vertebrate phylum." Her "careful descriptions" of vertebrate brains, especially reptiles, helped to "outline evolutionary history." She was first woman to receive a full professorship at the University of Michigan Medical School. She is shown here in 1950.