Computer enhanced image of anthrax cells and spores. Thin section. Anthrax is a disease of generally herbivorous animals, in man, it is primarily an occupational disease, contracted through the inhalation of contaminated soil particles or by handling wool or hair from diseased animals. Inhalation of anthrax is usually fatal as its spores kill by producing lethal toxins that rupture the alveoli in the lungs. Respiratory inhalation of anthrax is also a potential agent in biological warfare as the spores of the bacterium can be freeze-dried and loaded in munitions or disseminated as an aerosol. Anthrax infection is most commonly treated with Cipro (Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride) given twice a day for 60 days. Cipro is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Photograph courtesy of Department of Defense (DOD).