Color enhanced TEM of mouse neuron and spinal cord ganglia. A neuron is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. These signals between neurons occur via specialized connections called synapses. Neurons can connect to each other to form neural networks. Neurons are major components of the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system, and of the autonomic ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. A typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon. Magnification @ 1050x.