Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1819-1861), husband and Prince Consort of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom. He had relatively liberal and progressive ideas in the arts, sciences and education. He had a specially active interest in applying art and science to the manufacturing industries. He led reforms in university education when, as Chancellor of Cambridge, he was able to get Natural Sciences and modern history on the curricula. He masterminded the Great Exhibition of 1851and helped to establish the South Kensington museums complex. He understood how society was being shaped by science and technology, and was a crucial early advocate of the artistic and recording uses of photography, then in its infancy.