1179392 Epinoia (standing centre) holds a mandragora for the painter Krateuas (seated left) and Dioscorides (seated right), from the Codex Vienna Dioscorides, Constantinople, 512 CE by Byzantine School, (6th century); Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna, Austria; (add.info.: One of the author pictures from the Vienna Dioscorides (fol. 5 verso). The allegorical figure Epinoia (thinking power) holds a Mandragora. The painter Krateuas creates an image and Dioscorides (right) describes the plant. Pedanius Dioscorides (40-90 AD), Greek physician who compiled an extensive list of medicinal herbs which remained the authority in medicinal plants for over 1500 years. The oldest known manuscript of his work is the Juliana Anicia Codex housed in Vienna: Codex Vobonensis Medicus Graecus 1, better known as the Vienna Dioscorides. ); Pictures from History; out of copyright.