Illustration of the molecular structure of semaglutide, a drug used to treat type-2 diabetes. Semaglutide is a GLP-1 agonist, meaning it mimics the function of natural GLP-1 hormones. GLP-1 hormones are released in the gastrointestinal tract when we eat. They work by binding to GLP-1 receptors throughout the body and stimulating insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon secretion, and slowing down gastric emptying. These effects all lower blood sugar levels, making semaglutide a treatment option for type 2 diabetes. Atoms are represented as rods and are colour-coded: carbon (grey), nitrogen (blue) and oxygen (red).