A painting from the court of Timurid sultan Baysungur Bahadir Khan, late 15th century. The Timurids were a Central Asian Sunni Muslim dynasty of originally Turko-Mongol descent whose empire included the whole of Central Asia, Iran, modern Afghanistan, as well as large parts of Pakistan, India, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. It was founded by the great conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) in the 14th century from the remnants of the Mongol Empire.