Pushkar is one of India's oldest cities. The date of its actual founding is not known, but legend associates Lord Brahma with its creation.

According to the Rajputana Gazetteer, Pushkar was held by Chechi Gurjars (Gujjars) till about 700 years ago. Later Some shrines were occupied by Kanphati Jogis. There are still some priests from the Gujar community in some of Pushkar's temples. They are known as Bhopas.

The sage Parasara is said to have been born in Pushkar. His descendants, called Parasara Brahamanas, are found in Pushkar and the surrounding area. The famous temple of Jeenmata has been cared for by Parasara Brahmans for the last 1,000 years. Pushkarana Brahamanas may also have originated here.

It is also the venue of the annual Pushkar Camel Fair.