Illustration of Paracoccidioides braziliensis, a dimorphic fungus, one of the causative agents of paracoccidioidomycosis, together with Paracoccidioides lutzii. P. braziliensis (formerly called Blastomyces brasiliensis) is found throughout Central and South America. Paracoccidioidomycosis belongs to neglected endemic mycosis, it is acquired by inhalation of the fungus from the soil. The fungus can infect the skin and mucous membranes, causing lesions and ulcers, or the internal organs, causing fever, weight loss, loss of breath, coughing and chest pain. Treatment is with anti-fungal drugs.