John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough (General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG, PC, 1650 ??1722). Churchill was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. From a gentry family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill. Copperplate engraving from the Encyclopaedia Londinensis, or Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature; Volume IV; Edited by Wilkes, John. Published in London in 1810.