Lower's blood transfusion. 17th-century illustration showing the English physiologist Richard Lower (1631-1691) transfusing blood into a man's arm from a lamb in 1667. The tubes used to puncture the blood vessels and transfer the blood are at top left. In 1665, Lower's pioneering work had demonstrated the transfusion of blood from the artery of one dog to the vein of another. Later attempts by others to transfuse blood from animals to humans led to some deaths and the practice was banned. This artwork is from a 1692 work by German surgeon Matthias Gottfried Purmann (1648-1721).