ATP synthase enzyme complex, illustration. The ATP synthase enzyme complex drives the synthesis of the energy-carrying molecule ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The complex is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane (blue). The upper part in the membrane (red) is a channel through which protons (H+, light blue dots) move. The lower part (orange/pink) is where ATP synthesis takes place. The protein complex rotates as ATP is synthesised and protons move through the channels. ATP is formed from a reaction between ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). The proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane is created during cellular respiration, and this drives the synthesis of ATP.

px px dpi = cm x cm = MB
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